Dermis
Definition
The dermis is the thick middle layer of the skin, located between the epidermis (outer layer) and the hypodermis (subcutaneous fat layer). It is composed primarily of connective tissue, including collagen and elastin fibers produced by fibroblasts, which give the skin its strength, elasticity, and resilience. The dermis also contains blood vessels that nourish the skin, lymphatic vessels for immune function, nerve endings for sensation, hair follicles, sweat glands, and sebaceous (oil) glands. The dermis is divided into two sublayers: the papillary dermis (thin, upper layer with finger-like projections) and the reticular dermis (thicker, lower layer providing structural strength). Most anti-aging skincare targets the dermis, aiming to stimulate collagen production and protect existing collagen from degradation by UV light and free radicals.
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